JUVAINI AND MODERN HISTORIANS’ VIEWS ON ISMAILIS AND THE IMAMATĪta Malik Juvaini, the Persian historian who wrote an account of the Mongol Empire, wrongly considers the butchery of the Ismailis conducted by the Mongols in Qazwin and Rudhbar following the reduction of Alamut in 1256, as an end of the Ismailis and unbroken line of the Imamate as well. He was also known as Shams Zardozi due to residing in a village called Zardoz in Azerbaijan, but another tradition suggests that he had adopted the profession of embroidery, and as such the term zardoz (embroiderer) became his epithet. 1320) called him Shamsuddin Shah Nimroz Ali and Shah Shams.
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He is also known as Shamsu’l Haq in a few Iranian poems. He was known as Agha Shams in Syria and Shah Shams in India. Imam Shamsuddin Muhammad (1257-1310), the 28 th Imam of the Nizari Ismailis is said to have been born in 646/1230 in the fortress of Maimundiz. These were Imam Shamsuddin Muhammad, Pir Sham Sebzewari and Shams Tabriz, which is discussed in this paper. In the contemporary period of 13 th century, there is a confusion on the name “Shams” as there were three personalities existing at the same time. Simerg turned to Mumtaz Ali Tajddin for some answers, and we are pleased to publish his piece that sheds light on the subject.
![tomb of shams tabrizi tomb of shams tabrizi](https://cdn1.iranpress.com//uploads/image/2/original/2020/09/30/637370877453287180.jpg)
Editor’s Note: Malik Mirza’s recent piece, Exclusive Photo Essay: The Mausoleum of Pir Shams in Multan, resulted in comments from our readers concerning the status of the shrine today, its role within the Ismaili community, the miracles attributed to Pir Shams, as well as confusion over the identities of Pir Shams and Shams Tabriz.